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RESUMEN. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto de un programa de educación física con actividades motrices en niños con discapacidad intelectual inscritos en el Centro de Atención Múltiple de la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de diseño cuasi-experimental con medias repetidas pretest-postest no aleatorizado, siendo cada participante su propio control. La muestra por conveniencia estuvo conformada por 12 niños en un rango de edad de 7a 10 años (9 ±1.04). La evaluación se llevó a cabo por medio del Inventario de Desarrollo Battelle, el cual se aplicó al inicio y al final del programa, el cual tuvo una duración de tres meses. Se utilizó material didáctico reciclado para estimular los aspectos motrices que se deseaban. Los resultados muestran cambios significativos en la coordinación corporal y en locomoción (p=0.006). Se concluye que aplicar un programa de educación física con actividades motrices de manera regular, a niños con discapacidad, puede contribuir desarrollar de mejor manera las habilidades de motricidad superando su edad equivalente.
ABSTRACT. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of a physical education program with motor activities in children with intellectual disabilities enrolled in the Multiple Attention Center of the city of Hermosillo, Sonora. A quantitative study of quasi-experimental design with repeated means pretest-posttest non-randomized, with each participant being his/her own control was carried out. The convenience sample consisted of 12 children in an age range of 7to 10 years (9 ±1.04). The evaluation was carried out by means of the Battelle Development Inventory, which was applied at the beginning and at the end of the three-month program. Recycled didactic material was used to stimulate the desired motor aspects. The results show significant changes in body coordination and locomotion (p=0.006). It is concluded that applying a physical education program with motor activities on a regular basis to children with disabilities can contribute to better develop motor skills beyond their age equivalent.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Physical Education and Training/methods , Health Programs and Plans , Intellectual Disability , Motor Activity , LocomotionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Being active has been shown to have beneficial effects for the health of individuals with chronic diseases. However, data on the association between multimorbidity and physical activity are limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between chronic diseases, multimorbidity and insufficient physical activity among older adults in southern Brazil, according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional population-based and household-based study derived from the second wave (2013-2014) of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study. METHODS: Insufficiency of physical activity (outcome) was ascertained using the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (≤ 150 minutes/week). Eleven self-reported chronic diseases were identified. Multimorbidity was defined from the number of chronic diseases (none; 2 or 3; or 4 or more). The adjustment variables were age, schooling, marital status, income, smoking, alcohol consumption and cognition. Additionally, each chronic disease was adjusted for the others. Associations were tested using logistic regression (crude and adjusted). RESULTS: Among the 1197 participants (≥ 63 years), women (54.0%) were more likely than men (39.6%) to be insufficiently active. In the adjusted analysis, women and men with depressive symptoms, and men with diabetes, were more likely to be insufficiently active than those without symptoms. Multimorbid women were more likely to be insufficiently active, and the magnitude of the effect was strongest for 4 or more diseases. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the associations were sex-specific. Depressive symptoms and multimorbidity were associated with insufficient physical activity among women, while diabetes was associated with insufficient physical activity among men.
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Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Sedentary Behavior , Multimorbidity , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
The Academia da Cidade program (ACP), linked to the Health Secretariat of Recife, Pernambuco since 2002, is a component of health policy focused on Primary Care and aims to promote physical activities, healthy eating and health education. The study aimed to map the scientific production on the ACP. This is a mapping review study with the following steps: (1) clarifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) selecting studies; (4) mapping the studies; (5) summarizing and reporting the results. Searches were made in the Virtual Health Library, Pubmed, Scielo and LILACS databases. Were excluded articles that did not address PAC (n = 17), review articles (n = 2), and articles that analyzed other programs (n = 2) and 16 articles were excluded because they did not present the ACP as the focus of the analysis. Eight studies were identified on this theme. The study identified that most articles focus on types I and II of evidence and that only one article presented the theoretical contribution of policy science in its theoretical scope. We conclude that more research is needed to contribute with more reliable frameworks and methodologies, in line with the public policy analysis process
O Programa Academia da Cidade (PAC), vinculado à Secretaria de Saúde do Recife, Pernambuco, desde o ano de 2002, é um componente da política de saúde voltado à Atenção Primária e tem como objetivo a promoção da prática de atividades físicas, alimentação saudável e educação para a saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear a produção científica sobre o PAC. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão de mapeamento com as seguintes etapas: (1) esclarecer a pergunta da pesquisa; (2) identificar estudos relevantes; (3) selecionar estudos; (4) mapear os estudos; (5) resumir e reportar os resultados. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Pubmed, Scielo e LILACS. Foram excluídos artigos que não abordavam o PAC (n = 17), artigos de revisão (n = 2) e artigos que analisaram outros programas (n = 2) e 16 artigos foram excluídos por não apresentar o PAC como foco da análise. Foram identificados oito artigos científicos sobre o tema. Maior parte dos artigos se concentram nos tipos I e II de evidências e apenas um artigo apresentou aporte teórico da ciência política em seu escopo teórico. Conclui-se que mais investigações são necessárias para contribuir com frameworks e metodologias mais fidedignas e alinhadas com o processo de análise de políticas públicas
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Public Policy , Health Policy , Health Promotion , Motor ActivityABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the association of poor vision with time spent in outdoor activity among students from primary and middle schools, as well as from universities in Guangzhou, so as to provide targeted scientific basis for prevention and control of low vision.@*Methods@#According to the requirements of National Monitoring of Common Diseases and Health Risk Factors among Students Manual, a total of 2 908 students were selected in 1 urban area and 1 suburban county for monitoring and investigation in Guangzhou.@*Results@#The poor vision rate was 69.2% among students in Guangzhou, with girls (74.4%) > boys (64.2%), suburban country (76.3%) > urban areas (54.1%), university (95.0%) > vocational high school (82.5%) > regular high school (81.1%) > junior high school (73.4%) > primary school (45.6%). With the exception of primary students, the severe poor vision has the largest proportion in each age group. The proportion of spending less than 1 or 2 h for outdoor activities per day: girls>boys, suburban country > urban area, university and regular high school are higher. The poor vision rate of students who spent <2 h(72.3%) for outdoor activities daily was higher than those spent ≥2 h(65.6%). Compared with students who spent ≥2 h/d for outdoor activities, those spent < 2 h/d were at 1.24 times risk of being low vision(OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.04-1.48), controlling for the available confounders.@*Conclusion@#Poor vision rate of students in Guangzhou is high, occurring mainly with severe impairment and in younger age, the daily outdoor activity time is low. Girls, students from suburban country and junior high school should be considered as the emphasis for prevention and control of low vision.
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The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of motor tasks through photos and videos in post-stroke patients. Participants were 12 patients and 10 control people. Five functional tasks were presented in four different sequences and participants had to indicate the ones which reached the goal correctly. By ANOVA it was found that the response time of the patients was greater than of the control group (photos = patients: 4833 ± 310 ms, control: 1112 ± 76 ms, p = .0001 and videos = patients: 3655 ± 242 ms, control: 2451 ± 270 ms, p = .0001). Patients performed better with videos (p = .001). These results may influence therapeutic strategies and enable a discussion about a possible impairment of the mirror neuron system. (AU)
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos da demonstração de tarefas motoras através de fotos e vídeos em pacientes pós-AVE (acidente vascular encefálico). Participaram 12 pacientes e 10 controles. Cinco tarefas funcionais foram apresentadas em quatro sequências diferentes e os participantes indicavam aquela que alcançava o objetivo corretamente. Pela ANOVA verificou-se que o tempo de resposta dos pacientes foi maior (fotos = pacientes: 4833 ± 310 ms, controle: 1112 ± 76 ms, p = 0,0001 e vídeos = pacientes: 3655 ± 242 ms; controle: 2451 ± 270 ms, p= 0,0001). Os pacientes apresentaram melhor desempenho com os vídeos (p= 0,001). Estes resultados podem influenciar as estratégias terapêuticas e permitir uma discussão a respeito de um possível impedimento do sistema de neurônios-espelho. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Recognition, Psychology , Mirror Neurons , Stroke Rehabilitation/methods , Motor ActivityABSTRACT
@#Objective To observe the effect of community-based rehabilitation stroke unit on the function of stroke patients. Methods 94 patients with stroke were divided into intervention group (n=47) and control group (n=47). The control group accepted routine community home care, while the intervention group accepted community-based rehabilitation stroke unit care. They were assessed with modified Barthel index (MBI), simple Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) before and after intervention. Results There was not significant difference between the groups in scores of MBI, FMA and SDSS (P>0.05) before intervention. All the scores improved significantly in both groups (P<0.01) 3 months after intervention, and improved more in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Community-based rehabilitation stroke unit can improve the functional recovery of stroke patients.
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@# Objective To observe the effect of E-LINK system on hand function of patients with stroke. Methods 30 stroke patients were divided into treatment group (n=16) and control group (n=14). All the patients accepted routine rehabilitation, while the treatment group was trained additionally with the E-LINK system for 12 weeks. Results The strength of grip and pinch, the scores of Barthel index and Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper limb, and the range of supination of forearm improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Training with E-LINK system can improve the motor function of upper limb and activities of daily living of stroke patients.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a associação entre prática de atividade física na adolescência e osteoporose na vida adulta. Realizou-se um estudo de base populacional incluindo uma amostra aleatória de 1.016 indivíduos de 50 anos ou mais. Atividade física no lazer foi avaliada utilizando o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física - IPAQ. Os indivíduos foram definidos como ativos se estiveram engajados em atividade física durante a sua adolescência (10-19 anos) pelo menos por seis meses consecutivos. Os indivíduos ativos na adolescência demonstraram probabilidade 67 por cento menor do que os inativos de apresentar osteoporose na vida adulta (p < 0,001). Esse resultado se manteve significativo após ajuste para os fatores de confusão (p = 0,005) e para o efeito mediador do nível de atividade física na idade adulta (p = 0,007). Conclui-se que a prática de atividade física na adolescência reduz o risco de osteoporose, independentemente do nível de atividade física na vida adulta. Desse modo, a adolescência é um importante período no desenvolvimento da saúde óssea.
The aim of the present study was to assess the association between physical activity practice in adolescence and the prevalence of osteoporosis in adulthood. A population-based study with a randomly-selected sample of 1.016 individuals, aged 50 years or older was carried out. Leisure physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Individuals were defined as active in adolescence (10-19 years) if had been engaged in physical activity for at least six consecutive months. Individuals classified as active in adolescence were 67% less likely to present osteoporosis in adulthood than inactive ones (p/